Search results for "Geometric mean"

showing 10 items of 16 documents

A population-based coprological study of human fascioliasis in a hyperendemic area of the Bolivian Altiplano

1997

The community of Chijipata Alta, at an altitude of 3850 m, near the southern coast of Lake Titicaca in the Northern Altiplano of Bolivia, was surveyed for human fascioliasis. The global prevalence (66.7 %) and intensity (eggs per gram of faeces - epg: range: 24-4440; arithmetic mean: IooI; geometric mean: 390) proved to be the highest known in the world by means of coprological techniques. These results suggest the existence of highly hyperendemic subzones among the large human fascioliasis-endemic zone of the Bolivian Northern Altiplano. Despite the decrease in prevalence and intensity from children (75.0%, 24-4440 epg) to adults (41.7%, 144-864 epg), our findings show that in an hyperende…

AdultMaleBoliviaFascioliasisVeterinary medicineAdolescentRange (biology)HelminthiasisFecesAge DistributionAltitudeEnvironmental protectionparasitic diseasesPrevalencemedicineAnimalsHumansFasciola hepaticaChildParasite Egg CountEggs per gramFecesAgedDisease ReservoirsbiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseFasciolaInfectious DiseasesGeographyChild PreschoolFemaleParasitologyGeometric meanArithmetic meanTropical Medicine and International Health
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Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of benperidol in schizophrenic patients after intravenous and two different kinds of oral application

1994

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of benperidol were determined in 13 schizophrenic patients after acute administration of 6 mg benperidol as an intravenous (i.v.) bolus injection, orally as liquid, and orally as tablets using a partially randomized cross-over design. Drug plasma levels were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection and subjected to model independent pharmacokinetic analyses. After i.v. dosing the geometric means (mean-g) were 3.2 min for the distribution half-life, 5.80 h for the elimination half-life (t1/2 beta), 4.21 l/kg for the distribution volume, 7.50 h for the mean residence time (MRT), and 0.50 l/(h*kg) for the clearance…

AdultMaleMetaboliteAdministration OralBiological AvailabilityPharmacologyHigh-performance liquid chromatographyBenperidolchemistry.chemical_compoundPharmacokineticsOral administrationmedicineHumansDistribution (pharmacology)PharmacologyCross-Over StudiesChemistryBenperidolMiddle AgedBioavailabilityInjections IntravenousSchizophreniaFemaleGeometric meanOxidation-ReductionHalf-Lifemedicine.drugPsychopharmacology
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The effect of challenge method on methacholine-induced changes in sensitivity and air trapping

2010

Summary Background The methacholine challenge test performed with the tidal breathing method induces a greater fall in FEV 1 than the dosimeter method; however, the effect of the challenge method on methacholine-induced fall in FVC has not been investigated. Objective To determine the influence of the challenge method on methacholine-induced changes in FEV 1 and FVC. Methods Airway responsiveness to methacholine was determined by dosimeter method and tidal breathing method in 37 subjects with suspected asthma. The dosimeter was modified to deliver an identical volume to that obtained with the tidal breathing method and the same nebulizer model was used for the two challenges. The response w…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineRespiratory mechanicsVital CapacityAir trappingAirway responsivenessBronchoconstrictor AgentsFEV1/FVC ratioForced Expiratory VolumemedicineHumansMethacholine ChlorideAsthmaCross-Over StudiesDosimeterMethacholineDose-Response Relationship DrugInhalationbusiness.industryrespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseFVCAsthmaRespiratory Function Testsrespiratory tract diseasesNebulizerAnesthesiaFemaleMethacholineGeometric meanmedicine.symptombusinesscirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.drugRespiratory Medicine
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Determinants of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in subjects with rhinitis.

2005

Subjects with rhinitis but without asthma may have coexisting bronchial hyperresponsiveness, although the reasons for this are uncertain. To evaluate the factors that determine BHR in rhinitis we examined 410 patients with symptomatic rhinitis with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 80% of the predicted value. In all subjects a skin prick test (SPT) was performed, a determination of total serum IgE and an eosinophils count in the blood. Of the 410 subjects we found that 161 (39.3%) exhibited a methacholine PD20 of 800 mg or less (Group A), whereas 249 (60.7%) had a methacholine PD20 more of 800 mg (Group B). Despite the matched mean values for FEV…

AdultMaleVital capacitymedicine.medical_specialtyImmunologyVital CapacityGastroenterologyGroup B03 medical and health sciencesFEV1/FVC ratioLeukocyte Count0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineForced Expiratory VolumemedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansLife StyleBRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; RHINITISAsthmaRhinitisSkin TestsPharmacologybusiness.industryRhinitis Allergic SeasonalPassive smokeImmunoglobulin Emedicine.diseaseRespiratory Function TestsEosinophilsBronchial hyperresponsivenessSpirometry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESSMethacholineFemaleGeometric meanBronchial Hyperreactivitybusiness030215 immunologymedicine.drug
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MRS SHOWS ABNORMALITIES BEFORE SYMPTOMS IN FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE

2006

Background: Pathologic change in Alzheimer disease (AD) begins some years before symptoms. MRS has the potential to detect metabolic abnormalities reflecting this early pathologic change. Presenilin 1 (PS1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation carriers have a nearly 100% risk of developing AD and may be studied prior to symptom onset. Methods: Short echo time proton MR spectra were acquired from a midline posterior cingulate voxel in presymptomatic carriers of PS1 or APP mutations (“presymptomatic mutation carriers” [PMCs]; n = 7) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 6). Ratios of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (MI), and choline-containing compounds (Cho) to creati…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAlzheimer disease brain metabolism nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAdolescentNeuropsychological TestsCreatineGastroenterologyPresenilinCentral nervous system diseasechemistry.chemical_compoundDegenerative diseaseAlzheimer DiseaseReference ValuesInternal medicinemental disordersmedicineHumansFamilySymptom onsetAge of OnsetChildSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaBrainInfantMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseControl subjectsnervous system diseasesnervous systemchemistryChild PreschoolCarrier StateFemaleNeurology (clinical)Alzheimer's diseaseGeometric meanPsychology
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LDL particle size and composition and incident cardiovascular disease in a South-European population: The Hortega-Liposcale Follow-up Study.

2018

Abstract Background The association of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle composition with cardiovascular risk has not been explored before. The aim was to evaluate the relationship between baseline LDL particle size and composition (proportions of large, medium and small LDL particles over their sum expressed as small-LDL %, medium-LDL % and large-LDL %) and incident cardiovascular disease in a population-based study. Methods Direct measurement of LDL particles was performed using a two-dimensional NMR-technique (Liposcale®). LDL cholesterol was assessed using both standard photometrical methods and the Liposcale® technique in a representative sample of 1162 adult men and women from Sp…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationCoronary DiseaseDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk AssessmentCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHumansMetabolomicsProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineParticle SizeProspective cohort studyeducationStrokeAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryHazard ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCor MalaltiesLipoproteins LDLStrokeCardiovascular DiseasesSpainCardiologyFemaleComposition (visual arts)lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Geometric meanCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessLipoprotein
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Biomonitoring of bisphenols A, F, S in human milk and probabilistic risk assessment for breastfed infants

2019

The present study addresses the presence of bisphenols A (BPA) and its analogs bisphenol F (BPF) and S (BPS) in milk of 120 mothers living in Valencia (Spain) and participating in the BETTERMILK project (year 2015). We also studied the factors that could influence the BPA levels and estimated the exposure and the risk for breast fed infants. The frequency of detection of total (conjugated + unconjugated) and unconjugated-BPA were 83% and 77%. with a geometric mean of 0.29 ng/mL and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively. The frequency of detection was much lower for total-BPF (22%) and total-BPS (1.1%). The place of residence of the mother and the use of personal care products showed significant associat…

AdultTolerable daily intakeendocrine systemPercentileEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesBisphenol FBisphenolMothers010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesPhenolsEnvironmental healthBiomonitoringHumansEnvironmental ChemistryMedicineSulfonesBenzhydryl CompoundsWaste Management and DisposalRisk assessment0105 earth and related environmental sciencesMilk HumanProbabilistic risk assessmenturogenital systembusiness.industryHuman milkInfantBisphenolPollutionHuman biomonitoringBreast FeedingMaternal ExposureSpainEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleGeometric meanbusinessRisk assessmentInfantshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsEnvironmental MonitoringScience of The Total Environment
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Prenatal exposure to mercury and longitudinally assessed fetal growth: Relation and effect modifiers.

2016

Background: Prenatal mercury exposure has been related to reductions in anthropometry at birth. Levels of mercury have been reported as being relatively elevated in the Spanish population. Objective: To investigate the relation between prenatal exposure to mercury and fetal growth. Methods: Study subjects were pregnant women and their newborns (n:1867) participating in a population-based birth cohort study set up in four Spanish regions from the INMA Project. Biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), abdominal circumference (AC), and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were measured by ultrasounds at 12, 20, and 34 weeks of gestation. Size at and growth between these points were assessed by st…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementFetal growth010501 environmental sciencesPolychlorinated biphenyl 15301 natural sciencesBiochemistryFetal Development03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinePregnancySeafood consumptionMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal Studieseducation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental SciencePregnancyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryObstetricsMercuryAnthropometrymedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalMercury (element)chemistryMaternal ExposureCord bloodGestationFemaleGeometric meanbusinessEnvironmental research
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Indefinite integrals of incomplete elliptic integrals from Jacobi elliptic functions

2017

Integration formulas are derived for the three canonical Legendre elliptic integrals. These formulas are obtained from the differential equations satified by these elliptic integrals when the indep...

Carlson symmetric formPure mathematicsQuarter periodApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisElliptic function010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesJacobi elliptic functionsLegendre formArithmetic–geometric meanElliptic rational functionsElliptic integral0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematicsIntegral Transforms and Special Functions
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Evaluation of several global resolution functions for liquid chromatography

1999

Abstract An interpretative approach, that makes use of the overlapped fraction of each chromatographic peak as elementary resolution criterion, was applied to the separation of mixtures of compounds. The elementary resolution measurements for all peaks in the chromatogram were reduced to a single numerical value using several functions: normalised by the mean resolution product, unnormalised product, geometrical mean of the unnormalised product, and worst elementary resolution value. The descriptive capability of these reduction functions was evaluated through the observation of global resolution diagrams and the change in the shape of the chromatograms in the selected factor space. michrom…

ChromatographyResolution (mass spectrometry)ElutionChemistryFraction (chemistry)BiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryReduction (complexity)Product (mathematics)Phase compositionmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryGeometric meanSpectroscopyThiazidemedicine.drugAnalytica Chimica Acta
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